Hair-waving iron.



F. MARC EL. HAIR WAVING IRON, APPL!CAT|ON FILED DEC. 18 I916.

Patented Sept. 3, 1918..

nvento'c wan/*6,

an STATES FRA'NQOIS MARCEL, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

specification of Letters Patent.

HAIR-HAVING IRON.

Patented 'Se-pt. 3,1918.

Applica'tionfiled December 18, 1916. Serial No..137,'533.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRAN OIs MARCEL, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough of Brooklyn, county 0f Kings, and State of New York, :have inventcd certain new and useful Improvements in Hair-Waving Irons, of which thefollowing is a specification.

United States Patent No. 806,386 was issued to me (my name having since been changed by order of court) for a waving iron for producing what is known asfthe Marcel wave in womens hair and the present invention is ofthe same class, but it is adapted to give results not heretofore attained.

, One object of thepresent wavingiron is I to'make it possible to produce amore lasting waveinthe hair so that it will not require waving as often as withother irons, and to produce a wave all parts of which will be more lasting. Another object ot-my invention is to provide a waving iron which will produce a more lasting wave with a .given degree of heat so that, whilethe wave will last longer, it is'not necessary to use theiron sohot as to injure or burn the hair.

Another object of my invention is to provide an ironwhichwill be very handyand which may be used by even unskilled persons'to produce the desired waves.

Another and veryimportant object otmy invention is to provide an'iron which will create the most artistic and desirable wave in imitation of the natural hairwave. Tieretofore, it'has'been difiicult or impossible to produce a true imitation of the natural wave butwith the present device thenatural wave may be imitated in every particular. It is not onlypossible to, produce the lateral bends or-curves'but it ispossible to produce the deep curves necessary to imitate the natural wave. It is alsopossible to produce effects which could only be heretofore produced partially by the use ottwoseparate irons having different dimensions.

The present ironis preferably, though not necessarily,.heated electrically, and I have 7 shown it adapted to be'so heated without intending to limit the invention to an electrically heated iron, except in so far as some of the claims herein particularly include. the means for electrically heating the iron.

In the drawing forminggpart of this application,

Figure 1 is-an elevation of my invention m the preferred form,

Fig. 2 is an elevation of the iron with the handles emitted, showing the parts in the first position, orjust as-the iron is placed on the hair,

Fig. 3 is a similar elevation showing the iron turned over to producethedesired wave and showing the manner of disposingfthe hairon'the iron, V

Fig. 4 is a {partial sectional view of one of the waving members, showing the electrical heating unit therein, a iFig. 5'is anendelevationof .Fig. 2, Fig. 6is an end view of Fig. 3, Fig. .7 is :a sectional View, taken on the line f7- 7 of Fig. 2, and 7 Fig.8 is a view-corresponding=to Fig. 7, showinga modified form having additional advantages. The ironcomprises two main ,portions .1 and 2 having handles 3 and l respectively. The member 1 comprises a roundedportion ormandrel 5 whichin the case of anzelectrically heated iron is.made.hollow,;the space v 6 forming a chamber tocontain the electrical heating unit 7. The latter consists ofresistance wire, a core, and suitableinsulation and the same is not shown in detail as the particular construction of thisheatingnnit forms no part. of the :present invention. Units for this purpose are now on .the market. The member 5 has a box:8 formed at its base and'this'box' is closedbya removable cover-9 which carries theIhandleB; and the unit? may be insertedand removed lengthwiseof the member 5 by removing: the cover 9. Wires .10, connected with the unit 7, may be connected in wellknowirmanner with a source of current.

The members 1 and 2 are pivoted at .11 to one anotheriand they are so constructed of apair ofpliers. I

Themember 2 1s concavo-convex in crosssection, the inner or. convex side 12 being preferably I formed on. the arc of a. circle.

There 1s a concavo-convex memberr13 attached to or formed integral W1th the member 5 and it is so disposed that when the member 2 is closed against .ornearly against the mandrel 5 one edge of. themember2will lie between the outer edge of the member 13 andthe-mandrelfi. The member 13BX- tends oi-itwardly from the mandrel 5,. being connected along one edge and separate at the other edge, so that a space or chamber 14; is formed and into which the hair may enter. Preferably, there is a filling member or enlargement 15 Where the member 13 joins with the mandrel 5.

There is a guard 16 connected and movable with the member 2 the purpose of which is to prevent the hair from getting too far down on the iron and entangling in the hinge, but this feature is not claimed, per se, in this case as it forms the subject matter of a co pending case filed by me.

In the operation of waving the hair, after the iron has become sufficiently heated, it will be placed on a lock of hair in the manner shown in Figs. 2 and 5; that is, the members 2, 5, will be caused to straddle the lock of hair and then the handles will be forced toward each other so that the annular member 2 will press the hair against the mandrel. If the true Marcel wave is to be formed the hair will be directed diagonally in relation to the iron, as shown in Fig. 2. In this first position, the hair will be clamped by the annular member 2 against the mandrel 5, forming a curve 17. It will be understood that the illustration of the hair in Figs. 5 and 6 is merely dia grammatic, as the hair will actually fill the space between the members 2 and 5 when they are closed. The hair beyond the loop 17 willturn over the edge 18 of the annular member 2 forming a short loop or curve 19, reverse to the loop 17 and then it will pass around the free edge 20 of the member 13.

The iron will be placed on the hair as just described but it will be immediately turned over to the position shown in Figs. 3 and 6 and heldthat way until the heat has set the wave.

It will be noted that in the present iron the curve or loop in the hair at 19 is inclosed by the member 13, so that this portion of the complete wave is subjected to sufficient heat to properly set the wave, whereas, heretofore, this portion of the wave has been improperly or insufficiently heated and as a result, the wave was not only not sufficiently pronounced but it was not lasting- In the present case the member 13 forms more or less of an inclosure about the member 5 and partly inclosing the edge of the annular member 2 and this also incloses the portion of the hair which curves over the edge 18 of the annular member 2.

, Another function of the member 13 is to provide for the formation of the desired shape of wave. It will be observed that where the hair is'pressedby-the annular member 2 against the mandrel 5 it forms a curve or loop of lesser diameter but at 21 where it engages over the outer surface of the member 13 it forms a curve of greater diameter, producing a deeper loop at this erly set it.

portion of the complete wave. The smaller curve at 17 gradually merges into the larger curve 21 and this produces a wave of the desired shape and which others have heretofore attempted to produce by using sepa rate irons of different diameters. The member 13, therefore, perfoms, in the embodiment of my invention herein shown, the double function of inclosing the curve 19 and imparting to it the required heat, and of forming, together with the member 5, a wave of the desired formation.

The member 13 is here shown as being formed integral with the mandrel by rolling them up from sheet metal, and while this construction is preferred because it makes it possible to stamp these parts, nevertheless I do not wish to exclude a construction in which these parts are otherwise constructed. I prefer to insert the filler 15 between the member 13 and the mandrel so that the former will be firmer and to increase the conduction of heat through the member 13 to the hair.

When the operation just described has been carried on long enough to set the curves in the hair the iron will be turned back and released and it will then be reengaged on the hair but beyond the point where it was first treated. In this second operation the iron will be placed diagonally of the length of the hair but in the reverse direction to that shown in Fig. 2. In other words this diagonal tilting of the iron will be alternated at successive operations to produce the desired effect. This is not imperative but it makes possible the exact imitation of a natural wave.

Heretofore, it has been diflicult to force the hair, down between the members 2 and 5 so that it was not held tightly between these members at the middle or any portion of the curve 17. This was due to the fact that the hair would be first impinged between the two edges of the annular member 2 and the mandrel 5 at opposite extremes of the loop 17 before the member 2 pressed the intermediate portion of this loop against the mandrel. As a result, the loop 17 was not sufliciently affected by the heat to prop- In the construction shown in Fig. 8 I have arranged for what amounts to a three point contact on this loop by making the mandrel wedge shape in cross section on one side. The concave side of the member 2 is preferably struck on the arc of a circle, but the mandrel 5 tapers from the point 22 outwardly, at both sides, to the points 23. With this conformation of the parts the hair will be carried down to the bottom of the curve in the member 2 when the iron is closed thereon and there will be a bight not only betweenthe side edges of the member 2 and the mandrel but there will be a bight between the point 22 and the claimed as well as in combination.

member 2, and sufiicient heat will be conducted to the intermediate portion of the loop 17 This feature is not only important in an iron embodying the other features of my invention but it is susceptible of independent use and it will be separately This feature might be utilized, for instance, even if the iron consisted of only the members 2 and 5, without the member 13.

The device shown and described herein is not only simple in construction and easy to operate but it is a most eflicient device for producing every effect desired.

Having described my invention, what I claim is:

1. A hair waving iron including mandrel and convex members hinged to swing in relation to each other and adapted to engage the hair between them to form a loop therein and a member carried by said mandrel member and arranged to overlap the edge of said convex member for the purpose set forth.

2. A hair waving 1ron including a mandrel member, and a concavo-convex member ar-.

ranged so that its concave side will press the hair against said mandrel member, and a member projecting laterally from said mandrel member and adapted to overlap the edge of said concavo-convex member for the purpose set forth.

3. A hair waving iron including a mandrel member and a concavo-co'nvex member movable in relation thereto and adapted to press the hair on the mandrel member, and a plate on said mandrel member, curving laterally therefrom and adapted to overlap an edge of said concavo-convex member for the purpose set forth. 7

l. A hair waving iron comprising a man drel member, a concave member movable in relation thereto and adapted to press the hair on the mandrel member and a member from the mandrel member and arranged whereby when the said concave member is moved toward the mandrel member, 1ts edge Wlll carry the ha1r in between said free edge and said mandrel member.

5. A hair waving iron comprising a mandrel member having a projecting portion and a concave memberadapted to press the hair on said mandrel member, the periphery of said mandrel and projecting portion being so shaped as to present a curve of lesser diameter where said concave member cooperates with the mandrel member and a curve of larger diameter on the side opposite thereto.

6. A hair waving iron comprising a mandrel member having a projecting member extending outwardly therefrom, and a concave member adapted to press the hair on said mandrel, the periphery of said mandrel member and said projecting member being shaped to present a curve of lesserdiameter where said concave member cooperates with the mandrel member and a curve of larger diameter on the side opposite thereto, one edge of said concave member being adapted to press the hair into the space between the said projecting member and said mandrel member.

7 A hair waving iron comprising a mandrel one portion of the periphery of which is wedge shape or tapering in cross section and a grooved member adapted to press the hair against the mandrel and arranged whereby the wedge shaped portion of the mandrel will extend into the said grooved member for the purpose set forth.

Signed at the city, county and State of New York this 25th day of November, 1916.

FRANQOIS MARGEL.

Copies of this patent maybe obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Gommhlh'ner of Intel",

Washington, D. 0." 

